從錢莊到銀行　The Development of Banks

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瑞典手搖式計算器　Swedish pinwheel calculator

19世紀末(Late 19th century)

　1878年，旅居俄國的瑞典工程師奧涅爾在歐洲研製出手搖式計算器。19世紀末，奧涅爾與企業家合作，在俄國限量生產這種機器。其他國家的許多公司也紛紛上馬，根據奧涅爾的原理生產計算器。該手搖式計算器生產於瑞典哥德堡，為奧涅爾原創型號，後引進中國，用於需要大量運算的銀行等機構。計算器通過齒輪結構轉動，搖動一圈手柄即完成一次運算。該機器能計算加、減、乘、除4種方式，最大計算結果能達到20位數。

　The pinwheel calculator was invented in Russia in 1878 by Swedish engineer Willgodt Odhner, who then worked with Russian entrepreneurs in the late 19th century to produce the machine commercially. Other manufacturers soon followed suit. Made in Gothenburg, Sweden, this pinwheel calculator is an original model developed by Odhner. Through gearwheel rotations, the calculator finishes its computation with each swing of the lever. Capable of addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, it can handle numbers of up to twenty digits.　■資料：香港歷史博物館