放大圖片
■感冒除了可以用caught a cold來形容,亦可用別的Phrasal verbs代表。 資料圖片
上期曾介紹Phrasal verbs(短語動詞)的基本組合,並舉出了以break(破壞)和put(放)所組成的例子。今期,我將會介紹更多能夠在日常溝通中多用的phrasal verbs,包括以come和do為主要動詞的組合。
1. Come(來)
Come down with︰當提及患上感冒,學校老師最常教的句子是「I caught a cold」,下次若再生病時,可用「I came down with a cold」來表達。「Come down with」意指患上某種疾病,如小孩最容易得的水痘「come down with chicken pox」。
Come apart(破碎)︰當「come apart」用於描述人與人的關係,表達了一個十分惡劣的狀態,如「their marriage is coming apart at the seams」(他們的婚姻出現裂縫);而當形容物件,則表達快要爛掉的情況,如「the old chair is coming apart」(那張舊椅子快爛了)。無論一段關係還是一件物件,若用come apart來表達,似乎都是難以修補了。
2. Do(做)
Do away with︰與「get rid of」的意思相近,意指除去、棄置,例如「do away with your old habits!Start fresh!」(遠離你的舊習慣吧!重新開始!)。「It's time to do away with all your old photos」(是時候把你的舊照片扔掉了)。
Do... up / Do up(緊扣,關上)︰冬季時,母親對小孩說得最多的話,就是「快穿好你的外衣!不要�茞D啊!」穿衣的動詞是「wear」,而穿好的phrasal verb 則是「do your coat up!」 乘坐飛機時,廣播經常傳來機長的聲音「please fasten your seat belts.」(請扣好安全帶),「fasten」也可以「do up」表達,如「please do up your seat belts」。
Do... over︰可解作搶掠 / 徹底搜索,如被盜賊搶掠的大廈「the building was done over by some burglars」,而另一個意思相同的動詞是「ransack」。
記得要多聽、多說才能靈活運用Phrasal verbs 啊!
以下是不同組合的Phrasal verbs,可作參考:
Come
1. Come down with
2. Come apart
Do
1. Do away with
2. Do up
3. Do... over
■程韻
作者簡介:英國文學碩士,在男校任教英語的女教師,愛好文學和動物。
Exercises
Fill in the blanks with the best answers.
1. My house was __________ last night. I lost a lot of jewelry.
2. It's time to move on when a relationship has already ____________.
3. Don't forget to ________ your jacket before going out. It's freezing outside!
4. My child ______________ flu. He was absent from school today.
5. Please ____________ your old clothes and clear your wardrobe.
Answers:
1. done over
2. come apart
3. do up
4. came down with
5. do away with
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