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2019-09-02
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Ĭ®æÄõ¡]Scotland¡^­º©²·R¤B³ù¡]Edinburgh¡^ªº¿W¯S¸`¼y¡B¤å¤Æ¤ÎÃÀ³Nª^³ò¡A§l¤Þ¥@¬É¦U¦a¹C«È¨ì¨Ó¡A·í¦aAirbnb©Ð¶¡¼Æ¥Øªñ¦~«æ¼@¼W¥[¡C¸gÀçAirbnb¤Îµu´Á¥Á±Jªº­}ª÷´µ¡]Louise Dickins¡^»{¬°¡AAirbnb±a¨Ó¤j¶q¹C«È¡A¥O·í¦a´é²{§ó¦hÀu½èªºÀ\ÆU¤Î°Ó©±¡A¨Ã³Ð³y´N·~¾÷·|¡CÃöª`²Õ´¡u¤½¥Á¡v¡]Citizen¡^³Ð©l¦¨­û´µ²öº¸¡]Mike Small¡^«o´£¨ì¡A¤j¶q®È«È´é¤J¼vÅT·í¦a©~¥Á¥Í¬¡¡A¤£¤Ö¤½¦@ªÅ¶¡³Q¨p¦³¤Æ¡]privatization¡^¡A¡uAirbnb¤£¨ü³WºÞ¡A¥u·|¬°Â«°°Ï±a¨Ó²V¶Ã¡]chaos¡^¡C¡v

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Neighbors from hell - Airbnb sees a rebound in Europe and America

¡iĶ¤å¡jThe homestay website Airbnb, which operates under the concept of sharing economy, upholds the founding principle of facilitating travelers to rent the vacant houses of local residents on a low-cost, short-term basis, as well as letting homeowners earn extra income. Since its establishment in 2008 up till now, the website has listed more than 6 million accommodations across 81,000 cities globally. Yet, the flourishing Airbnb is reportedly bringing about serious social problems, such as pushing up property prices and rental costs; and the website "airbnbhell.com", literally translated as "Airbnb hell", is even set up for sharing among tenants, landlords or neighbors their unpleasant experience like noise nuisance.

On average, 2 million people stay in an Airbnb house each night, and the company's properties have hosted more than 500 million visitors since its establishment. The financial magazine Forbes estimated the business to be worth $31 billion ¡]approximately HK$242.2 billion¡^, and Airbnb is soon to be a listed company. Its operating model is often referenced by large companies, including Hilton and Marriott International, which consider launching similar home-rental business.

London, Paris and New York have the largest number of Airbnb rental units currently. For instance, in London, the city with one of the world's most expensive property prices, more than 77,000 homes are now listed on Airbnb and a threefold increase is seen since 2015. The accommodations now host more than 2.2 million visitors every year, contributing a revenue of 1.3 billion pounds ¡]approximately HK$12.6 billion¡^ to the local economy. Nevertheless, the government has called for a balance between economic growth and the well-being of residents, and decided to regulate the situation. Sadiq Khan, the mayor of London, had launched a new measure in April imposing a legal cap of 90 nights a year for short-term rentals in the city. Although Airbnb is supportive to the mayor's call, other accommodation platforms are less compliant.

New York has an estimated 50,000 Airbnb accommodations. To avoid negative impact on the supply of long-term housing, the city has imposed stringent regulations on Airbnb landlords, and even filed a $21-million lawsuit against a group of real estate brokers who were accused of using Airbnb to rent out 130 apartments, drastically reducing the supply of second-hand private flats in the city. The housing rights group New York Communities for Change pointed out that 70,000 homeless people were found in the city, but at the same time thousands of apartments were listed misleadingly as hotel rooms on the website. Airbnb argued that New York politicians had been influenced by some powerful hotel lobbyists or even took money from big hotels to help limit the growth of homestay industry, saying that any restrictions would only hurt the income sources of the middle-class New Yorkers.

Scotland's capital Edinburgh, with its unique festival, cultural and artistic atmosphere, has attracted numerous visitors worldwide, and the number of local Airbnb accommodations has also risen dramatically. Louise Dickins, who operated Airbnb and short-term lets, thought that Airbnb assisted in bringing in a considerable amount of tourists, and consequently better restaurants, retail outlets as well as increased employment opportunities. Mike Small, founding member of the campaign group Citizen, on the other hand, worried about the negative impact of excessive tourism and privatization of public spaces, saying that introducing Airbnb to the old town without regulations would only result in chaos.

A considerable amount of income is one of the factors driving a rapid expansion of Airbnb. In Barcelona of Spain, for example, the city councilor Janet Sanz said a landlord can earn £á3,000 ¡]approximately HK$26,000¡^ per week by renting to tourists, compared to £á800 ¡]approximately HK$6,972¡^ a month to a resident, it is obviously far more lucrative to do so.¡½Ãe¹Å»ö

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