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■美國研究組織「氣候中心」預料，全球氣溫上升4度後將導致水位大幅上升，香港（上）和上海（下）等大城市將會被部分淹浸，最快200年後出現。 資料圖片
下文節錄自香港《文匯報》報道：「美國研究組織『氣候中心』月初發表報告，模擬氣溫增加攝氏兩度及4度的情景。若升兩度，將有2.8億人因海平面上升受災；上升4度，影響人數會增至逾6億，10個大城市將部分被淹，包括4個中國城市--上海、天津、香港和台州。報告估計，上述兩種海平面上升的情景最快僅需時200年。
同時，世界銀行的報告則從經濟角度估計，當極端天氣增加，導致整體降雨量減少、農作物失收，2030年全球糧食產量或因氣候變化減少5%，2080年的損失更可能達三成，非洲影響最大，糧價飆升將嚴重打擊貧窮家庭生計。
世銀呼籲各國改善社會保障，設立全民醫保，升級防洪措施，種植氣候適應力強的農作物，協助提高貧窮人口應付氣候變化的能力。
法國外長法比尤斯及70個國家部長級官員早前於巴黎舉行非正式會議，為月底氣候峰會鋪路。他強調處理氣候變化刻不容緩，透露中國國家主席習近平、美國總統奧巴馬及印度總理莫迪等約100位國家元首將出席峰會。」各位會如何把這段文字翻譯成英文？
「美國研究組織『氣候中心』月初發表報告，模擬氣溫增加攝氏兩度及2度的情景。若升2度，將有2.8億人因海平面上升受災；上升4度，影響人數會增至逾6億，10個大城市將被淹，包括4個中國城市--上海、天津、香港和台州。報告估計，上述兩種海平面上升的情景最快僅需時200年」：「氣候中心」是Climate Central；「情景」可用scenario表示；「海平面」是sea level；「淹」可用submerge。
「同時，世界銀行的報告則從經濟角度估計，當極端天氣增加，導致整體降雨量減少、農作物失收，2030年全球糧食產量或因氣候變化減少5%，2080年的損失更可能達三成，非洲影響最大，糧價飆升將嚴重打擊貧窮家庭生計」：「世界銀行」是World Bank；「極端天氣」是extreme weather；「降雨量」可用rainfall表達；「農作物」可用crop；「糧食產量」可用food production；「非洲」是Africa；「生計」可用livelihood。
「世銀呼籲各國改善社會保障，設立全民醫保，升級防洪措施，種植氣候適應力強的農作物，協助提高貧窮人口應付氣候變化的能力」：「社會保障」可用social security表示；「全民醫保」可用universal health insurance；「升級」是upgrade；「防洪措施」可表達為flood control measures。
「法國外長法比尤斯及70個國家部長級官員早前於巴黎舉行非正式會議，為月底氣候峰會鋪路。他強調處理氣候變化刻不容緩，透露中國國家主席習近平、美國總統奧巴馬及印度總理莫迪等約100位國家元首將出席峰會」：「為......鋪路」可以pave the way for (something)表示；「氣候峰會」是climate summit；「國家元首」是head of state。
Hong Kong to be flooded in 200 years with sea level rise
因此全段可英譯如下：A US-based research group Climate Central released a report earlier this month, showing the scenarios of increases in global temperature by two and four degrees Celsius. A two-degree Celsius increase in temperature would result in sea level rise and threaten the lives of 280 million people, while a four-degree Celsius increase would affect about 600 million and submerge part of 10 megacities, four of which are in China-Shanghai, Tianjin, Hong Kong and Taizhou. The scenarios could well happen in 200 years, at the fastest.
Meanwhile, from an economic point of view, a report by the World Bank projected that extreme weather could lead to reduction of overall rainfall and crop failure, consequently reducing global food production by 5% in 2030 and by even 30% in 2080. Africa would be the most threatened; soaring food prices would severely hurt the livelihood of underprivileged families. The World Bank called on countries to optimize social security, establish universal health insurance and upgrade flood control measures, as well as to cultivate weather-resilient crops and assist the poor in strengthening their ability to cope with climate changes.
French Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius and 70 state ministers had gathered earlier in Paris to pave the way for the climate summit to be held at the end of November. Fabius stressed that climate change should be dealt with without delay, and revealed that about 100 heads of state and government would attend the summit, including Chinese President Xi Jinping, U.S. President Barrack Obama and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
Q&A
1. 「全球暖化」議題備受關注，它的英文是？
2. 氣候變化會引致許多「自然災害」，它的英文是？
3. Extreme weather也稱作s_____ weather？
Answer
1. Global
warming
2. Natural
hazards
3. Severe
weather
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