偶然在網上看到1970年電影《愛情的代價》的同名主題曲 ,作詞者叫珊梅,因為有英文字幕,讀後覺得中西流行歌詞的美學觀念頗不相同,難以翻譯,也有趣。歌詞是:
我像是海邊的小花 I'm like a tiny flower on the seashore
連根埋藏在泥沙 I strike my root in the sand
經不起烈日的照耀 I can't stand the scorching sun
受不了風吹和雨打 I fear rain and wind
我低蚗Y兒在等待 I bow my head and in silence I wait
希望黑夜快到達 I'm waiting for the coming of night
是天意會遇到了你 But providence let me to you
移植我到個溫暖的家 Providence found me a warm home
姑娘呀姑娘 Oh little girl, little girl
是你帶我衝出了自建的籬笆 You helped me break through my isolation
姑娘呀姑娘 Oh little girl, little girl
是你使我心頭的愛苗又長芽 You've made love bud in my heart
只要讓我見到了彩霞 If I can just see the sunset glow
我願意忍受愛情的代價 I don't mind to suffer for love!
總覺得中文流行歌詞每多花前月下,下里巴人混搭陽春白雪,譬如1953年呂紅和周聰合唱的《快樂伴侶》,歌詞淺白得「日日快樂唱隨,做一對好佳侶」,仍不乏「漫步兩岸柳垂,春光照我心裡」。晚一點的《檳城艷》(右圖)有「花陰徑風送葉聲夕陽斜掛」。這類「情花開,鳥語醉」中文流行曲一直繼承,你聽「街燈已殘月暗昏」也好,近年再紅起來的「人如天上的明月」也好,甚至「月色被打撈起暈開了結局」、「慘白的月彎彎勾住過往」、「誰情願照耀荍O人就如月亮」,都比興一番。英文流行歌詞的傳統似乎很不同,上世紀50年代初美國大熱是
Hank Williams的《Your cheatin' heart》:
Your cheatin' heart
Will make you weep
You'll cry and cry
And try to sleep
But sleep won't come
The whole night through
Your cheatin' heart will tell on you...
更早的Too young或接下來的Whatever will be will be、I want to hold your hand、Save your kisses for me、Hopelessly devoted to you、You belong with me 都毫不諱言。感覺是中文歌詞長於務虛,英文歌詞善於寫實,所以中文以意境見長,英文以平白取勝,甚至其他藝術也如此。
例如Charles Dickens
在《Great Expectations》寫主角的姐姐:
My sister, Mrs. Joe, with black hair and eyes, had such a prevailing redness of skin that I sometimes used to wonder whether it was possible she washed herself with a nutmeg-grater instead of soap. She was tall and bony, and almost always wore a coarse apron, fastened over her figure behind with two loops, and having a square impregnable bib in front, that was stuck full of pins and needles.
比較之下,林黛玉更加虛幻:
兩彎似蹙非蹙籠煙眉,一雙似喜非喜含情目。態生兩靨之愁,嬌襲一身之病。淚光點點,嬌喘微微。閒靜似嬌花照水,行動似弱柳扶風。心較比干多一竅,病如西子勝三分。
日常生活,西人一句Happy birthday to you,中文曲筆為「恭祝你福壽與天齊......歲歲都有今朝。」《愛情的代價》那種英譯,西人讀來應該有點什麼。不是說英文歌詞不況不喻,貓王固然有Like a river flows surely to the sea、You ain't nothin' but a hound dog, Simon and Garfunkel更加有詩意,只是從規模而論的感覺而已,還望讀者指正。 ■琤芮瑊z學院翻譯文學碩士(商務與法律)課程總監李劍雄博士