韓 Sir 資深英語教師
在本港特區發表的2009至2010年度的財政預算案內,看到下列兩句:
1.第95段有關「綠化都市」的計劃提到:
“ We are committed to promoting greening and have been maximising greening opportunities in public works projects.”
(我們一直致力推動綠化,並在公共工程項目中,爭取綠化機會。)
2.第1百段有關「文化藝術」的推廣,文件這樣寫著:
“ We are committed to bring art into the community.” (我們也致力把藝術帶入社區。)
究竟該用gerund還是infinitive
大家可有留意到兩句都用了 “committed to” (致力),但是第一句的 “committed to” 後面是用了 gerund (動名詞) :“ promoting”;而第二句“committed to” 後面是用了 infinitive (不定式) :“ bring”. 究竟應該用 gerund 還是 infinitive呢?
在英語世界內,Gerunds (動名詞) 和 Infinitives (不定式) 經常令學英語者頭痛萬分,有時在不知不覺間犯錯,屢見不鮮。
試看下列正確用法之舉例:
1.I want to learn English.
2.She plans to join my class.
3.He refuses to cooperate.
4.I enjoy writing articles.
5.She doesn't mind working on the weekend.
6.They quit smoking.
第1至第3句用了 Infinitives ( to learn, to join, to cooperate),而4至6則用 Gerunds (writing, working, smoking)。讀者們要掌握哪些動詞要跟 Infinitive,哪些用Gerunds,便要常讀和多聽英語,並緊記著這些動詞的分別 了。
“Committed to”不能跟 Infinitives
文首提及的“committed to”,很容易令人犯錯,原因是大家習慣了在“to”的後面用 Infinitives,沒有留意這種“to”後面加 Gerunds 的文體。
原來有一類句子結構,若在形容詞 (Adjectives) 後加了介詞(Prepositions),那麼後面便必須用動名詞 (Gerunds)了,舉例如下:
1.I am interested in learning French.
2.He is excited about going to the States.
3.She is tired of writing proposals.
4.They are good at drawing cartoon.
5.Who is responsible for cleaning the kitchen ?
6.He is addicted to playing IT games.
每一句都有一個形容詞 (interested, excited, tired, good, responsible, addicted) 和一個介詞 ( in, about, of, at, for, to),而介詞後都是用動名詞 (learning, going, writing, drawing, cleaning , playing)。
大家寫英文時很多時習慣於“to”之後加“infinitives”;以後便必須小心,原來“to” 之後是可以用 “gerunds”的!
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