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■俄羅斯總統普京（左）和土耳其總統埃爾多安（右）就俄國軍機被擊落事件會晤。 資料圖片
11月24日，一架執行打擊「伊斯蘭國」（ISIS）極端組織任務的俄羅斯戰機，在敘利亞與土耳其邊境上空被土耳其空軍擊落。
軍機事件發生後，俄土雙方對造成事件的責任各執一詞。土方指責俄戰機越境在先，在索契會見約旦國王的俄羅斯總統普京強烈譴責土方此舉是「背後捅刀」，開始針對土耳其展開外交和經濟反制措施，令兩國關係瞬間劍拔弩張。
事件的時機耐人尋味，反映出國際社會儘管在打擊恐怖主義戰略目標上有共識，但在具體戰術上的困難不容低估。尤其是西方對俄羅斯軍事反恐抱疑慮態度，處理得不好，更可能造成地區局勢緊張，令冷戰時期不同陣營對峙、擦槍走火情況再現，影響世界和平。
最近ISIS恐怖分子接二連三策劃和實施恐怖襲擊，例如血洗巴黎、俄羅斯客機空爆、殺害中國和挪威人質，造成各國人民死傷慘重，已成為人類公敵。軍機事件反映出國際反恐合作基礎薄弱，美俄及土耳其、伊朗、沙特等中東地區大國分歧嚴重。恐怖主義是當前國際社會面臨的最大威脅和考驗，各國應以反恐大局為重，攜手鏟除這個頭號極端恐怖組織。（文匯報社評26-11-2015）
Downed jet should not deter anti-terror efforts
A Russian jet was shot down on November 24 by Turkish air forces while it was on a bombing run against ISIS near the Turkish-Syrian border.
Both sides put the blame on each other after the incident. Turkey claimed that it was the result of her airspace being violated, while Russian President Vladimir Putin condemned the Turkish act as "a stab in the back" during his meeting with King Abdullah II of Jordan in Sochi. Putin presently started new diplomatic and economic sanctions against Turkey, after which tensions between the two countries escalated.
The incident, developing in an intriguing fashion, uncovered the fact that practical difficulties cannot be underestimated albeit an international consensus in fighting terrorism. This is especially relevant when the Western world has been sceptical to the Russian military actions against Syrian terrorists. World peace is at stake as improper handling of the situation may lead to further conflicts, mirroring the confrontation between blocs and the imminent threat of military clashes during the Cold War.
Having repeatedly staged such terrorist attacks as the carnage in Paris, the downing of a Russian plane in Sinai and the killings of Chinese and Norwegian hostages, ISIS has inflicted severe civilian casualties around the globe and thus is now the common enemy of humanity. But the warplane incident has exposed a crack in international anti-terror efforts, revealing huge differences between the United States, Russia, Turkey, and major Middle East countries like Iran and Saudi Arabia. With terrorism being the greatest threat to the international community, all countries should cast aside disputes and jointly eradicate ISIS.
■Jeffrey Tse [ywc_jeffrey@hotmail.com]
Learning Point
「伊斯蘭國」近年迅速崛起，引起眾多國際問題。以下是與「伊斯蘭國」有關聯的資料，讀者可作參考。
ISIS/ISIL
「伊斯蘭國」：全名為Islamic State of Iraq and Syria或Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant，近年先後藉駐伊拉克美軍撤軍和敘利亞內戰的亂局迅速崛起，意圖以極端恐怖主義和武力建立政教合一的伊斯蘭國家。
Vladimir Putin
俄羅斯總統普京：先後以俄羅斯總理及總統身份領導俄國，在俄羅斯決定武力打擊ISIS一事中擔任重要角色。
Recep Tayyip Erdogan
土耳其總統埃爾多安：雖然上文沒有提及，但亦先後擔任土耳其總理和總統，任內多次發表具爭議言論，最近亦被普京指包庇ISIS，從中獲取低價石油等利益。
隔星期三見報
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