放大圖片
■學習英文時,要注意錯置了修飾詞因而產生了不合理或荒謬的意思。 資料圖片
Misplaced Modifiers需留意二之一
在前兩期和同學討論過有關dangling modifiers 的issue,今次想和同學分享一下有關misplaced modifiers。
何謂misplaced modifiers?
Modifiers ,又稱修飾詞,主要為它們所修飾的詞語提供額外的資料。
例1. On his way to home, Jonathan found a gold watch.
(Gold是一個修飾詞用來提供有關那watch的額外information.)
簡單來說,misplaced modifiers 就是指作者錯置了修飾詞因而產生了不合理或荒謬的意思。
例2. I only work on Saturday and Sunday. (提問:你認為例2是正確的嗎?)
(答案: 雖然有很多同學都可能認為以上例2是對的,不過其實它是錯誤的;因為如果將only放在work之前modify的話,句子的意思將變成為「我在星期六和星期日只工作,其他的事情如食飯、飲水,甚至呼吸都不會做。」如此聽來,這當然不合理。) 正確的表達應是如下:
I work only on Saturday and Sunday.
(解釋:Only應放在Saturday and Sunday之前,用以修飾它們。)
除了單字可作modifiers外,modifiers亦可以是phrases。
例3. The students talked quietly in the corner smoking cigarettes. (提問:你認為例3是正確的嗎?)
(答案:例3也是不對的。The modifying phrase「smoking cigarettes」在以上句子被放在corner後面來形容corner。句子的意思變成「牆角在抽煙」, 這當然亦是不合理的。) 正確的表達應是如下:
The students smoking cigarettes talked quietly in the corner.
(Smoking cigarettes應放在students旁邊,因為它是用來修飾students。)
最後,modifiers 亦可以是clauses。
例4: The waiter served the beef steaks to the customers that were properly grilled.(提問:例四是正確嗎?)
(答案:例四亦是錯誤的. The clause「that were properly grilled」 被放置在the customers旁邊變成了customers were properly grilled,這當然是荒謬的。)正確的寫法如下:
The waiter served the beef steaks that were properly grilled to the customers.
(因為「that were properly grilled」是用來形容the steaks,所以應將the clause放在steaks旁。 )
下次作文時同學應該特別注意有沒有犯misplaced modifiers。■Dr. A. Chan
作者簡介:哲學博士,哲學碩士,文學士,英語講師。熟悉公開考試之出題模式與評分準則,任教英語。
Practice
Are there misplaced modifiers in the following sentences? If yes, how can you revise them?
1. His new movie was almost shown in 200 cinemas.
2. He ate the dinner that he had brought slowly.
3. The boy ate a cold dish of cereal for dinner.
Answers
All are incorrect.
The revised sentences are as follows:
1. His new movie was shown in almost 200 cinemas.
2. He slowly ate the dinner that he had brought.
3. The boy ate a dish of cold cereal for dinner.
■預告:「Misplaced Modifiers需留意 二之二」將於 1月 30日(星期五)刊登。敬希垂注。
|