Lina Chu
近日熱門話題莫過於流感。且閒話一些流感的事。
流感即是流行性感冒,英文是influenza,簡稱flu。最近爆發的流感,起初稱為豬流感,英文是swine flu。後來世衛正名為A(H1N1) flu,即甲型流感。
Influenza指感冒 Epidemic是流行病
嚴格來說,influenza指感冒,一旦成為流行病epidemic,才稱為流行性感冒。
A flu epidemic killed hundreds of people back in the 1900s.
上世紀初,一場流感令數百人死亡。
Epidemic比較局限於一個地區。現在人們擔心的大流行流感,英文名稱是pandemic。Pandemic指流感在全球爆發,幾乎每個國家和地區都有眾多病例。
Pandemic指流感全球爆發
The WHO has been highly alert of an influenza pandemic.
世衛對於出現全球大流感疫情保持高度警覺。
流感有甚麼病徵?通常都是咳嗽、打噴嚏、流鼻水、發熱(發燒)。近日經常聽到勸告:
Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.
咳嗽或打噴嚏時,請掩著口鼻。
流感徵狀:Cough與Sneeze
Cough(咳嗽)與sneeze(打噴嚏)都是流感的徵狀。
Cough 可以是動詞或名詞。
He fell sick and coughed all night.
他病倒了,整晚在咳嗽。
She has got a cold and a nasty cough.
她得了風寒及嚴重咳嗽。
Sneeze一樣可以是動詞或名詞。
He is allergic to cats. He sneezes whenever there is cat fur.
他對貓敏感,每有貓毛就打噴嚏。
Running/Runny nose:流鼻水
You should consult a doctor when you have symptoms such as sneezes and a sore throat.
當你有打噴嚏及喉嚨痛等病徵,就應該去請教醫生。
如果流鼻水,可以用running/runny nose。
He is not feeling well and has a runny nose today.
他今天感到不適,鼻子流鼻水。
Fever:發燒
流感的另一個病徵是發熱(發燒)。發熱的英文是fever,但也可以用另一個字代替,就是temperature,也有人說high temperature。
I had a fever and had to take a rest yesterday.
I had a temperature/high temperature and had to take a rest yesterday.
昨天我發熱(有熱度),必須休息一天。
如果發現自己有這些徵狀,應該去看醫生,不要延誤。
linachu@hkbu.edu.hk
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