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2018-10-22
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¨Ó¦Û¥þ²yªº28¦Wºë¯«¯f¾Ç¡]psychiatry¡^¡B¤½¦@½Ã¥Í¾Ç¡]public health¡^¤Î¯«¸g¬ì¾Ç¡]neuroscience¡^±M®a¡A¦­«e±µ¨üÂå¾Ç´Á¥Z¡m¨ë°w¡n¡]Lancet¡^©e°U¶i¦æ½Õ¬d¡A«e¤éµoªí¬ã¨s³ø§i¡A«ü¥X¥þ²yºë¯«¯f¡]mental health disorder¡^±wªÌ¥¿«ùÄò¤W¤É¡Aĵ§i¦p¤£¨î­q±¹¬IÀ³¹ï¡A±N¹ïªÀ·|±a¨ÓÄY­«¼vÅT¡A¦ô­p¦b2010¦~¦Ü2030¦~¶¡¡A¥þ²y¸gÀÙ¦X¦@·l¥¢16¸U»õ¬ü¤¸¡]¬ù125¸U»õ´ä¤¸¡^¡C³ø§i¦P®É©ÜÅS¡Aºë¯«¯f±wªÌ¤HÅv¡]human right¡^±`¨ü«I¥Ç¡A¨Ò¦p³QÅKÁåÂê¦b®a¤¤©Î¸T³¬¡]imprisonment¡^¡A¤£¤Ö¯f¤H§ó¾D¨ü­h«Ý¡]torture¡^©Î³Q­¢¬y¸¨µóÀY¡C

¥@¬É½Ã¥Í²Õ´¡]WHO¡^¦ô­p¡A¥þ²y¬ù¦³3»õ¤H±w¦³§íÆ{¯g¡]depression¡^¡A5,000¸U¤H¿©±w»{ª¾»Ùê¯g¡]dementia¡^¡Aºë¯«¤Àµõ¯g¡]schizophrenia¡^¤ÎļÆ{¯g¡]bipolar disorder¡^±wªÌ¡A«h¤À§O¬ù¦³2,300¸U¤Î6,000¸U¡C¬ü°ê«¢¦òÂå¾Ç°|¡]Harvard Medical School¡^±Ð±Â©¬¯Sº¸¡]Chirag J Patel¡^§Î®e±¡ªp¡u·¥ÄY®m¡]bleak¡^¡v¡A§åµû¹L¥h25¦~¨Ó¡A¨ü¤H¤f¦Ñ¤Æ¡]ageing¡^¡B¨àµ£¶i¤J«C¬K´Á¡]adolescence¡^¤H¼Æ¤W¤Éµ¥¦]¯À¼vÅT¡Aºë¯«¯f­Ó®×«æ¼@¤W¤É¡A¦ý¦U°ê¥¼¦³§ë©ñ¨¬°÷¸ê·½¸Ñ¨M°ÝÃD¡C¥L±j½Õºë¯«¯f¹Ü¥h¤£¤Ö¤H©Ê©R¡A¤×¨ä¦b¦~»´¤H¤è­±¡Aºë¯«¯f³y¦¨ªº¦º¤`¤H¼Æ§ó¶W¹L¨ä¥L­ì¦]¡C

³ø§i«ü¥X¡A¦b¤¤°ê¤Î¦L«×¡]India¡^³o¨â­Ó¦X¦@¦û¥þ²y1/3¤H¤fªº°ê®a¡A¹O80%ºë¯«¯f±wªÌ¥¼¦³´M¨DªvÀø¡]treatment¡^¡A§Y¨Ï¨D¶E¡A°|¤è´£¨ÑªºªvÀø½è¯À¥ç¤í¨Î¡C³ø§i¦ô­p¡A°²¦p¦U°ê§´µ½ªvÀøºë¯«¯f±wªÌ¡A¨C¦~¾ãÅ馺¤`¤H¼Æ¥i´î¤Ö¹F1,350¸U¤H¡C

¬ã¨s³ø§i¥çµo²{¡A¤£¤Ö°ê®aªº°ê¥Á±w¤W§íÆ{¯g¡BµJ¼{¯g¡]anxiety¡^¡Bºë¯«¤Àµõ¯gµ¥ºë¯«¯e¯f«á¡A·|³Q¸T³¬©ó®a¤¤¡BºÖ­µÀç¤ÎªvÀø¤¤¤ß¡]treatment centre¡^¡A¤£¤Ö¯f¤H§ó³QÅKÁåÂê°_¡A¤HÅv¨ü¨ì«I¥Ç¡C§Y¨Ï±wªÌ¥¼³Q­­¨î¦Û¥Ñ¡A¥L­Ì¥ç¥i¯à¦]¯Ê¥F¨¬°÷ÂåÀø·ÓÅU¡A¨ü¯f±¡§xÂZ¤U¦Û±þ¡C«n«D¡]South Africa¡^«e¦~´¿°±¤î¸ê§U¤@¶¡ºë¯«¯f±wªÌ°|ªÙ¡]nursing home¡^¡A¯f¤H³Q­¢¤J¦íµL«ùµPªº¡]unlicensed¡^ªÀ°Ï³]¬I¡Aµ²ªG¾É­P¹O140¤H¦º¤`¡C

¡m¨ë°w¡nÁ`½s¿èÀN¹y¡]Richard Horton¡^§Î®e¡A³ø§i´£¤Îªº±¡ªp¡u¥O¤H¾_Åå©M¥i®¢¡]shameful¡^¡v¡A±j½Õ³ø§i¦®¦b©IÆ~¦bªvÀøºë¯«¯f±wªÌ®É¡A»Ý½T«O±wªÌ°ò¥»¤HÅv¡A¦P®É«P½ÐªÀ·|ÃöÃh¯f¤H¡AªÀ°ÏÂåÅ@¤H­û¡B¯«Â¾¤H­û¡]clergy¡^©Î±wªÌªB¤Í¡A¥i³z¹L±´±æ±wªÌ¤Î»P¥L­Ì¶É½Í¡]talking therapy¡^¡A½w©M±wªÌ¯f±¡¡A¦Ó«D¥u¥ÑÂå¥Í³B²z¡C

Mental health disorder cost gobal economy 125 trillion

¡iĶ¤å¡j28 global specialists in psychiatry, public health and neuroscience were commissioned by the internationally renowned medical journal Lancet to carry out an investigation and publish a report recently, saying that mental health disorders are on the rise worldwide and could cause lasting harm to the global communities if the issues are not properly addressed. It is estimated that it could cost the global economy up to US$16 trillion ¡]approximately HK$125 trillion¡^ between 2010 and 2030. The report also revealed that people with common mental disorders often suffer from human rights violations including shackling, imprisonment, torture and homelessness.

The World Health Organization ¡]WHO¡^ estimates that around 300 million people worldwide have depression and 50 million suffer from dementia. While schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are estimated to affect 23 million and 60 million people respectively. Chirag J Patel, a professor at the U.S. Harvard Medical School described "the situation is extremely bleak", criticizing that mental health issues had been on the rise dramatically worldwide in the past 25 years due to societies ageing and more children growing into adolescence, but most countries were not investing enough to tackle the problem. He stressed that mental illness has taken many lives and no other health condition has caused deaths as many as mental disorder has among youngsters.

The report added that in China and India, which collectively account for one-third of the world's population, over 80% of the patients with mental illness do not receive appropriate treatments or even if they do, high-quality treatments are rarely accessible. It is estimated that the number of deaths per year in the global communities can be reduced by 13.5 million if the patients are to be treated properly.

The study also discovered that many patients suffering from depression, anxiety, schizophrenia and other mental illnesses have been confined to their homes, gospel camps and treatment centres, with some even being locked up by chains, whose fundamental human rights are severely deprived of. Even though they may not be restricted on personal freedom, they may still commit suicide due to insufficiency of medical attention and care. South Africa had experienced an unfortunate case a year ago that the government had suspended its funding to a nursing home for mentally ill patients and they were eventually forced to stay in unlicensed care centres, resulting in more than 140 deaths.

Richard Horton, the editor-in-chief of the medical journal Lancet, described the current situation as "shameful and shocking", saying that the report aimed to call for a human rights-based approach for taking care of people with mental health conditions, as well as recommend a community-based care for the patients, with treatments such as talking therapies being offered not only by medical professionals but also by community health workers, clergy and peers.¡½Ãe¹Å»ö

Questions

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Answer

1. ¤T¤À¤@¤H¤f

2. »´«¬ºë¯«¯e¯f¡]minor mental disorder¡^»P­««¬ºë¯«¯e¯f¡]major mental disorder¡^

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