近日生果系列智能電話又推出新型號!當然氣勢不復當年勇,應難再輕易corner the market(壟斷市場,就好像將所有買家迫到死角,眼前只有一位賣家的貨物)。但能否在疫情下再創熱潮,就要看看果迷忠心指數。 當然,成功建立名牌並非一時三刻之事,背後的市場營銷(marketing)之道博大精深。
有時產品性價比高,卻無人問津?可能是患了「營銷近視症」︰Marketing Myopia。哈佛商學院行銷學教授Theodore Levitt在1960年已提出這有趣說法,指企業好似患了近視般,欠缺遠見,只盲目追求產品硬件上的性能,卻忽略了最重要一環︰顧客需要。正所謂︰Customer is always right!顧客永遠是對的!
除非......是ugly / tough customer!當然不是像「外貌協會主席」般歧視顧客外表。Ugly customer泛指難纏人士、麻煩友。相反,a cool customer泛指冷靜行事、從容不迫之輩︰She just bought this new apartment all in cash! What a cool customer!(她用現金一氣買下這新樓房,真豪爽!)但a cool customer亦可帶有貶義︰My boss is such a cool customer that he often claims the glory of his subordinates. (上司厚臉皮到一個點︰將下屬功勞全歸自己!)
患上近視已諸多不便,患上「營銷近視症」後果更堪虞。企業忽略行銷策略,導致市場定義過於狹隘,如此的目光短淺,可用short-sighted、near-sighted或inward-looking(只向內看、對外界漠不關心)。亦可用名詞tunnel vision,就如在隧道中視野只有一方洞口,以管窺天,不願接受他人想法︰The boss really has tunnel vision about marketing. He sees no reason to change anything.(老細對市場學只有一孔之見,看不出需要改變。)
企業錯將精力全放產品性能技術上,反而因為市場需求改變而喪失競爭力。營銷近視症往往變成不治之症,什麼藥物也救不了,最終變成 a drug on the market,滯銷產品是也。更嚴重的可能全被市場淘汰,the bottom falls / drops out of the market。例句︰The bottom dropped out of the landline phones market, when mobile phone arrived on the scene.(手提電話的面世淘汰了固網電話。)
最後一提有關market的preposition(對,就是那些像豪門一樣深似海的in / on / at前置詞)。如果你真的身處超級市場,又想跟友人約好相見之處,當然可以說I'm now at / in the supermarket in your neighbourhood.(我現身處你家附近的超市。)
但要注意︰in the market(for something)又有「很想要吧」之意︰I'm in the market for a new phone並非你真的身在商店,而是表達你非常渴求一部新電話。相反︰I just had a horrible break-up; I'm not in the market for a girlfriend just yet.(才剛分手,未有心情找新女友呢。)
又要注意有on the market解出售、上市中︰It may not be a good time to sell but they still put the house on the market. (雖然市道低迷,但他們仍把樓宇放售,試試水溫。)
■鍾可盈博士 香港恒生大學英文系高級講師
隔星期五見報