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©h¤Å½×^»y¨s³º¬OŪªÌªº¥~»yÁÙ¬O²Ä¤G»y¨¥¡A¤£¦p»ô¨Ó°µÓ¤p´úÅç¡A¬Ý¬ÝŪªÌ¬O§_¨}¦nªº»y¨¥¾Ç²ßªÌ¡C³oÓ´úÅç¥Ñ¼¶¼g¡m»y¨¥¾Ç²ß¾÷¨î¡]How Languages Are Learned¡^¡nªº¾ÇªÌLightbown©MSpada³]p¡A°ÝÃD»P°Ê¾÷¡]motivation¡^¡B´¼¤O¡]intellectual abilities¡^¡B©Ê®æ¡]personality¡^¡B¾Ç²ß·®æ¡]learning preferences¡^¬ÛÃö¡C¤£§«²ÓŪ¥H¤U12±ø°ÝÃD¡A¤F¸Ñ¦Û¤v¬O§_¡u¨}¦nªº»y¨¥¾Ç²ßªÌ¡v¡C
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1. Ä@·N¨Ã·Ç½T§@¥X²q´ú¡]is a willing and accurate guesser¡^
2. ¹Á¸Õ¶Ç¹F°T®§¡A§Y¨Ï¯Ê¥F¯S©w»y¨¥ª¾ÃÑ¡]tries to get a message across even if specific language knowledge is lacking¡^
3. Ä@·N¥Ç¿ù¡]is willing to make mistakes¡^
4. ®É±`´M§ä»y¨¥¤¤ªº¼Ò¦¡¡]constantly looks for patterns in the language¡^
5. ºÉ¥i¯à½m²ß¡]practises as often as possible¡^
6. ¤ÀªR¦Û¤v©Î¨ä¥L¤Hªº»¡¸Ü¡]analyses his or her own speech and the speech of others¡^
7. ¯d·N¦Û¤vªºªí²{¬O§_¹F¦Ü¾Ç²ß¤ô·Ç¡]attends to whether his or her performance meets the standards he or she has learned¡^
8. ¨É¨ü°µ¤åªk½m²ß¡]enjoys grammar exercises¡^
9. ±qµ£¦~¶}©l¾Ç²ß¡]begins learning in childhood¡^
10. ¾Ö¦³°ª©ó¥§¡ªº´¼°Ó¡]has an above-average IQ¡^
11. ¾Ö¦³¨}¦n¾Ç³N§Þ¯à¡]has good academic skills¡^
12. ¾Ö¦³¨}¦n¦Û§Ú§Î¶H©M·¥°ª¦Û«H¡]has a good self-image and lots of confidence¡^
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